Geometrical Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Design,Manufacturing and Inspection

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Geometrical Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Design,Manufacturing and Inspection

Preface
Technical developments, leading to higher performance, higher efficiency, lower pollutions
and greater reliability, and the constraints imposed by economy and the need for
rationalization, greater cooperation with licensees and subcontractors, make it necessary
to have completely toleranced drawings suitable for the function, for manufacturing
and inspection.
“Completely toleranced” means that the geometries (form, size, orientation and location)
of geometrical elements of the workpiece are completely defined and toleranced.
Nothing shall be left to the individual judgement of the manufacturer or inspector. Only
with this approach can proper functioning be verified and the possibilities available for
economization and rationalization in manufacturing and inspection be fully utilized.
This book presents the state of the art regarding geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing.
It describes the international standardization in this field, which is laid down
in ISO Standards. It indicates the deviations between the American Standard ASME
Y14.5M, the former East European Standards and the ISO Standards. It describes the
additional specifications laid down in the German Standards (DIN Standards). Possible
further developments in the field of geometrical tolerancing are also pointed out.
What has to be regarded for manufacturing within the geometrical dimensioning and
tolerances is explained.
Principles for the inspection of geometrical deviations are given, together with a
basis for tolerancing suitable for inspection.
Examples for tolerancing appropriate to various functional requirements, a guide for
geometrical tolerancing, are described.
This book may serve as an introduction to geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing
for students, and may also help practitioners in the fields of design, manufacturing
and inspection.
The author has used his experiences gathered during the elaboration of the ISO
Standards and during his lectures and discussions on geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing
in industry and education. However, proposals for improvements are appreciated
and should be directed to the publisher.
The book represents the author’s understanding of the various standards and is written
for educational purposes. In cases of dispute, the original standards have to be
considered. The functional cases of geometrical requirements vary over a wide range.
Therefore, before application in practice, it should be checked whether the presentation
in the book fits the particular purpose in the practical case.
Standardization is a dynamic and continuous process. The standards follow the
development in engineering. Future changes in standardization may make it necessary
to update some content of this book.
xi
Georg Henzold was manager of the department for standardization of a manufacturer
of power plant machinery. He is chairman of the committee dealing with the standardization
in the field of geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing in the German
Standardization Institute (DIN), and he was the former chairman of the pertinent
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). He is a long-time delegate in the pertinent
committees of the International Standardization Organization (ISO).

Georg Henzold